1596, 76/80 ȸ¿ø°¡ÀÔ  ·Î±×ÀΠ 
   ¼ÒÀ¯
   http://soyu.cafe2.net
   ¼ÒÄÏ ÇÁ·Î±×·¡¹Ö

http://www.hackerschool.org/HS_Boards/zboard.php?id=Free_Lectures&no=32 [º¹»ç]


                  _____                 _______            
                 /  __ \               |___  (_)          
                 | /  \/ ___  _ __ ___    / / _ _ __   ___
                 | |    / _ \| '__/ _ \  / / | | '_ \ / _ \
                 | \__/\ (_) | | |  __/./ /__| | | | |  __/
                  \____/\___/|_|  \___|\_____/_|_| |_|\___|
                                          
------[ Corezine volume 01 - Juli 1999                    
                                
                                Corezine #01
                             ==================

=+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+=
                   The *beginners* guide to sockets in C
                               By: xphantom
=+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+=


¹ø¿ª : Anesra (anesra@hanmail.net)

/*
´Ã ÇÏ´Â ¸»ÀÌÁö¸¸ ¹ø¿ª»ó ÀÌ»óÇÑ°ÍÀ̳ª ¹«½¼ ÇÒ¸»ÀÌ ÀÖÀ¸½Å ºÐÀº Àú ¸ÞÀÏ·Î º¸³»Áֽñâ
¹Ù¶ø´Ï´Ù
*/


´ç½ÅÀÌ ´Ù¸¥ ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ¿¡ ¿¬°áÇϱ⠿øÇÑ´Ù¸é ¾î¶»°Ô ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À» ¸¸µå´Â°¡?
´ç½ÅÀº ³×Æ®¿öÅ©»ó¿¡ ¾î¶² Á¤º¸µµ ãÀ» ¼ö ¾ø´Ù. ´ç½ÅÀº ¸Ç ÆäÀÌÁö¿¡ ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀ»
º¼ °ÍÀΰ¡? ¾î¶² Ã¥À» º¼ °ÍÀΰ¡? ±Û½ê, ´ç½ÅÀº ¿ÇÀº Àå¼Ò¿¡ °¥ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
ÀÌ ¹®¼­¿¡¼­ ³ª´Â ´ç½ÅÀÌ C·Î½á  ÀÎÅÍ³Ý ¾îÇø®ÄÉÀ̼ÇÀ» ÇÁ·Î±×·¡¹Ö ÇÒ¼ö ÀÖ°Ô
µµ¿òÀ» ÁÖ´Â °ÍÀ» ¿øÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ ¹®¼­¿¡¼­ ÃÖ¼ÒÇÑ C¿¡ ¾î´ÀÁ¤µµ ¾Ë°íÀÖ´Ù°í °¡Á¤ÇÏ°í
±×°ÍÀÇ ¹®¹ý°ú ¶ÇÇÑ À¯´Ð½º ¶Ç´Â ¸®´ª½º»ó¿¡¼­ »ç¿ëÇغ» ÀûÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù°í °¡Á¤ÇÑ´Ù.
ÀÌ ¹®¼­¿¡ Æ÷ÇÔµÈ ¸ðµç ÄÚµå¿Í ¼³¸íÀº glibc 2.07°ú libc5.3.12¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â
·¹µå Çò 5.2 »ó¿¡¼­ ÄÄÆÄÀÏ µÇ¾ú°í ¸ðµç ÄÚµåµéÀÌ Àß ¼öÇàµÇ¾ú´Ù.
ÀÚ ÀÌÁ¦ ÇÔ²² Çغ¸ÀÚ


ÇÁ·Î±×·¡¸Ó¿¡°Ô, ¼ÒÄÏÀº low levelÀÇ ÆÄÀÏ ±â¼úÀÚ(´ç½ÅÀÌ »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â ¼ÒÄÏÀÇ
read() ¿Í write() ÇÔ¼ö)¿Í ¸Å¿ì À¯»çÇÏ´Ù. ºñ·Ï ¼ÒÄÏ ±× ÀÚü¸¦ »ý¼ºÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ
´ç½Å ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ÇÏµå µð½ºÅ©·Î ºÎÅÍ ¾²°í Àд °Í°ú ºñ±³ÇÏ¿© ³×Æ®¿öÅ© ¿¬°áÀÇ
º¹À⼺ÀÇ ÀÌÀ¯·Î ÆÄÀÏ¿¡ ÀÐ°í ¾²°í ¿©´Â °Íº¸´Ù ´õ º¹ÀâÇÒ Áö¶óµµ


´ëºÎºÐ ¼ÒÄÏÀ» »ç¿ëÇϱâ À§Çؼ­, ´ç½ÅÀº Ŭ¶óÀ̾ðÆ®¿Í ¼­¹ö ½ÖÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÏ´Ù. ¼­¹ö°¡
ÇÏ´Â ÀÏÀº Ưº°ÇÑ Æ÷Æ®¿¡¼­ ±â´Ù¸®°í Ŭ¶óÀ̾ðÆ®·ÎºÎÅÍ ¿äûÀ» ¹Þ¾ÒÀ» ¶§ ¾î¶²
ÀÏÀ» ¼öÇàÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. Ŭ¶óÀ̾ðÆ®ÀÇ ÀÏÀº(¸íÈ®È÷) ¾î¶² °ÍÀ» Çϱâ À§ÇØ ÇÁ·Î±×·¡¹Ö
µÇ¾îÁø ¹«½¼ ÀÏÀÌµç ½ÇÇàÇϱâ À§Çؼ­ ¼­¹ö¿¡ "ask"¸¦ ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù.



¿ì¸®´Â ÀÌ ¹®¼­¿¡¼­ *¸ðµç* ¼ÒÄÏ Å¸ÀÔ ÇÔ¼ö¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ°ÍÀº Ãʺ¸ÀÚ¸¦
À§ÇÑ Áöµµ¼­À̱⠶§¹®¿¡, ±×·¯³ª Áñ°Å¿òÀ» ¾ò°í ´ç½ÅÀÇ ½Ç·ÂÀ» ³ôÀ̱â À§ÇÑ Á¤º¸¸¦ ¾ò±â¿£
ÃæºÐÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ÀÚ ÀÌÁ¦ ¸î°³ÀÇ ¼ÒÄÏÀ» ¸¸µé¾î º¸ÀÚ.

=+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+=
¼ÒÄÏÀ» »ý¼º : socket()


´ç½ÅÀÇ ¼ÒÄÏ ÇÁ·Î±×·¡¹ÖÀ» Çϱâ À§Çؼ­ °¡Àå ¸ÕÀú ÇؾßÇÒ ÀÏÀº socket()ÇÔ¼ö¸¦
»ç¿ëÇÏ¿© ¼ÒÄÏÀ» »ý¼ºÇÏ´Â ÀÏÀÌ´Ù.

-------

#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>

int socket(int af, int type, int protocol)

------

'int af'´Â ¼ÒÄÏ µµ¸ÞÀΰú ÁÖ¼Ò Æйи® ºÎºÐÀ̸ç. ´ëºÎºÐ µÎ°¡Áö¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù.
        AF_UNIX - ÇÑ È£½ºÆ®³»¿¡¼­ »óÈ£ Åë½ÅÇϱâ À§Çؼ­ »ç¿ëµÈ´Ù.
        AF_INET - °°°Å³ª ¶Ç´Â ´Ù¸¥ DARPAÇÁ·ÎÅäÄÝ(UDP/TCP/IP)¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â ½Ã½ºÅÛ
        °£ÀÇ »óÈ£ Åë½ÅÀ» Çϱâ À§Çؼ­ »ç¿ëµÈ´Ù.


'int type'Àº ´ç½ÅÀÌ »ç¿ëÇÒ ¿¬°áÀÇ ÇüÅ°¡ ¹«¾ùÀÎÁö, ´ëºÎºÐ µÎ°¡Áö¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù.
        SOCK_STREAM - ¿¬°á ÁöÇâÀûÀÎ ¼ÒÄÏÀ» À§ÇØ »ç¿ëµÈ´Ù. µ¥ÀÌŸ Àü¼ÛÀÌ º¸ÁõµÇ°í,
        ±×·¸Áö ¾ÊÀ¸¸é ¹ÞÀº °÷¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ¿¡·¯°¡ Àü¼ÛµÉ°ÍÀÌ´Ù.
        SOCK_DGRAM -  ¿¬°áÀÌ ´ú ÇÑ ¼ÒÄÏÀ» À§ÇØ »ç¿ëµÈ´Ù. µ¥ÀÌŸ º¸ÀåÀÌ ¾øÀÌ Àü¼ÛµÈ´Ù.


ÀÌ ¹®¼­¿¡¼­´Â ¿ì¸®´Â family AF_INET°ú SOCK_STREAM ŸÀÔ¿¡ ÁßÁ¡À» µÑ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.


'int protocol'Àº º¸Åë protocal°ªÀÌ 0ÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ°ÍÀº ½Ã½ºÅÛÀÌ family¿Í typeÀ» À§ÇÑ
Ưº°ÇÑ °ªÀÇ ½ÖÀ¸·Î Çã¶ôµÇ¾îÁø ù¹ø° ÇÁ·ÎÅäÄÝÀ» ¼±ÅÃÇϱâÀ§ÇØ Çã¶ôµÇ¾îÁø´Ù.



¼º°øÇϸé, ÆÄÀÏ ±â¼úÀÚ°¡ ¸®ÅÏÇÏ°í, ½ÇÆÐÇϸé -1À» ¸®ÅÏÇÏ°í errno°¡ ±×°Í¿¡ ¾Ë¸Â°Ô
¼³Á¤µÉ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
------

#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>

int sockfd /* soon to be socket file descriptor */

   sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)
   /* error checking here */

------

±×¸®°í ¸¸ÀÏ ¸ðµç°ÍÀÌ Àß ¼öÇàµÇ¾úÀ¸¸é, ¿ì¸®´Â ¿ì¸®°¡ ¿¬°áÁöÇâÀûÀÎ ±âº»ÀûÀÎ
ÇÁ·ÎÅäÄÝ(SOCK_STREAM)À» »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â ÀÎÅͳÝ(AF_INET)À» ÅëÇؼ­ »ç¿ëÇÒ¼ö ÀÖ´Â
¼ÒÄÏ ±â¼úÀÚ¸¦ °¡Áø´Ù. protocol(0)Àº ÀÚµ¿ÀûÀ¸·Î ¿ì¸®¿¡ ÀÇÇؼ­ ¼³Á¤µÈ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ±â¾ïÇ϶ó.

=+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+=
´ç½ÅÀÇ ¼ÒÄÏÀ» »ç¿ëÇϱâ À§ÇÑ À̸§À» ÁÖ¾î¶ó : bind()


ÁÁ´Ù, Áö±Ý ¿ì¸®´Â ¿ì¸®ÀÇ ¼ÒÄÏÀ» »ý¼ºÇÏ¿´´Ù. ´ÙÀ½À¸·Î ÇÒ °ÍÀº ±×°Å¿¡ ¾î¶²ÀÏÀ» ÇÒ¼ö ÀÖ°Ô
Çϴ°ÍÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÏ´Ù. À̸§À» »ç¿ëÇϱâ À§ÇØ bind()¸¦ Áִ°ÍÀ» ½ÃµµÇ϶ó.

------

#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>

int bind(int sockfd, struct sockaddr *name, int namelen)

------
bind()¸¦ È£ÃâÇ϶§ ÀÎÀÚÀÎ, sockfd´Â ¼ÒÄÏÀ» À§ÇÑ ÆÄÀÏ ±â¼úÀÚÀÌ°í, socket()À»
È£ÃâÇϱâ À§ÇØ ¾ò´Â °ÍÀ̸ç,  NameÀº sockaddrŸÀÔ ±¸Á¶Ã¼ÀÇ Æ÷ÀÎÅÍÀÌ´Ù.
¸¸ÀÏ address family°¡ AF_UNIX(¼ÒÄÏÀÌ »ý¼ºµÉ¶§ ÁöÁ¤µÇ¾îÁø °ÍÀ̶ó¸é)À̸é,
±¸Á¶Ã¼´Â ¾Æ·¡¿Í °°ÀÌ Á¤ÀÇ µÉ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
------

struct sockaddr {
                u_short sa_family;
                char    sa_data[14];
        };

------
name.sa_family´Â AF_UNIT·Î µÇ¾îÁú °ÍÀÌ´Ù. name.sa_data´Â ¼ÒÄÏÀ» ÇÒ´çÇϱâ À§Çؼ­
»ç¿ëµÈ ÆÄÀÏ À̸§ÀÇ 14byte¸¦ °¡Áú°ÍÀÌ´Ù. namelenÀº µ¥ÀÌÅÍ ±¸Á¶¸¦ Æ÷ÇÔÇÏ´Â ÃʱâÈ­µÈ
±æÀÌÀÎ nameÀÇ ½ÇÁ¦ ±æÀÌ·Î ÁÖ¾îÁø´Ù.
------

#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>

struct sockaddr name;
int sockfd;

   name.sa_family = AF_UNIX;
   strcpy(name.sa_data, "/tmp/whatever");

   sockfd = socket(AF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM, 0)
   /* error checking code here */

   bind(s, &name, strlen(name.sa_data) + sizeof(name.sa_family)
   /* error checking code here */

------
¿¡·¯ üŷ ÅëÁö : bind()°¡ ¼º°øÇϸé 0À», ½ÇÆÐÇϸé bind()´Â -1À» ¸®ÅÏÇÏ°í
±×°Í¿¡ ¾Ë¸Â°Ô errno¸¦ ¼³Á¤ÇÑ´Ù.

ÀÌÁ¦, AF_INETÀ» »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â bind¸¦ È£ÃâÇÒ¶§ ¿ì¸®´Â ´Ù¸¥ ±¸Á¶Ã¼¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù.
-----

struct sockaddr_in {
        short int          sin_family;  /* Address family               */
        unsigned short int sin_port;    /* Port number                  */
        struct in_addr     sin_addr;    /* Internet address             */
        unsigned char      sin_zero[8]; /* Same size as struct sockaddr */
    };

------
ÀÌ°ÍÀº Á¶±Ý ´õ Å©°í ´õ º¹ÀâÇϳª ¾î·Á¿î°ÍÀº ¾Æ´Ï´Ù. ¾Æ·¡¿Í °°Àº
¿¹¸¦ º¸ÀÚ.
------

#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <errno.h>

int sockfd, port = 23;
struct sockaddr_in my_addr;

   if((sockfd=socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) == -1)
   {
      printf("Socket Error,  
      exit(1);
   }
  
   my_addr.sin_family = AF_INET; /* host byte order */
   my_addr.sin_port = htons(port); /* see man htons for more information */
   my_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY); /* get our address */
   bzero(&(my_addr.sin_zero), 8); /* zero out the rest of the space */

   if((bind(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&my_addr, sizeof(struct sockaddr)) == -1)
   {
      printf("Bind Error,  
      close(sockfd);
      exit(1);
   }

------

ÀÚ, ¸¸ÀÏ ¸ðµç °ÍÀÌ Àß µÇ¾ú´Ù¸é, ¿ì¸®ÀÇ ¼ÒÄÏÀº Áö±Ý À̸§À» °¡Áú °ÍÀÌ°í, ¸¸ÀÏ
¸ðµç°ÍÀÌ Àß µÇÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù¸é, ¿¡·Î°¡ ¹ß»ýÇÒ °ÍÀÌ°í ÇÁ·Î±×·¥Àº Á¾·áµÉ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
Á¶±Ý ÀÛÀº ¸Þ¸ð -  ¸¸ÀÏ ¸ðµç ´ç½ÅÀÇ ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ÀÌ ´Ù¸¥ ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ¿¡ ¿¬°áµÇ°í,
´ç½ÅÀº ÀüÇô bind()ÇÔ¼öÀÇ »ç¿ëÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ»¼öµµ ÀÖ´Ù(ºñ·Ï ±×°ÍÀÌ ¾î¶² °Í¿¡
¼Õ»óÀ» ÀÔÈ÷Áö ¾Ê´Â´Ù¸é). ÀÌ ¶óÀÎ : my_addr.sin_port = htons(port); Àº
¿ì¸®ÀÇ Æ÷Æ®°¡ ´ÜÁö 0À¸·Î ¼ÂÆÃÇÔÀ¸·Î½á ÀÚµ¿ÀûÀ¸·Î Á¤ÇØÁú¼ö ÀÖ°í, Ŭ¶óÀ̾ðÆ® ÇÁ·Î±×·¥Àº
ÁÁÀ» °ÍÀ̳ª, ´ç½ÅÀÌ ±×°ÍÀÌ ¹«½¼ Æ÷Æ®¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ´ÂÁö ¾Ë¼ö ¾ø±â ¶§¹®¿¡ ¼­¹ö ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À»
À§Çؼ­´Â ³ª»Ú´Ù.


=+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+=
¿ø°Ý ¿¬°áÀ» À§ÇØ »ç¿ë : connect()


¸¸ÀÏ ´ç½ÅÀÌ ¿ø°Ý ¸Ó½Å¿¡ ¿¬°áÇϱ⠿øÇÑ´Ù¸é, connect()ÇÔ¼ö¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ¿©¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.
------

#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>

int connect(int sockfd, struct sockaddr *serv_addr, int addrlen);

------
sockfd´Â socket()À» È£ÃâÇÏ°í ³ª¼­ ¸®ÅϵǴ ¿ì¸®ÀÇ Ä£±ÙÇÑ ¼ÒÄÏ ÆÄÀÏ ±â¼úÀÚÀÌ´Ù.
serv_addr´Â ¸ñÀûÁö Æ÷Æ®¿Í IPÁÖ¼Ò¸¦ °¡Áö°í ÀÖ´Â sockaddr±¸Á¶Ã¼ÀÌ´Ù.
addrlenÀº sizeof(struct sockaddr)·Î ¼³Á¤ÇÒ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
ÀÚ ´Ù¸¥ ¿¹Á¦¸¦ º¸ÀÚ.
------

#include <string.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>

#define DEST_IP   "132.241.5.10"
#define DEST_PORT 23

main()
{
int sockfd;
struct sockaddr_in dest_addr;   /* will hold the destination addr */

   sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0); /* do some error checking! */

   dest_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;        /* host byte order */
   dest_addr.sin_port = htons(DEST_PORT); /* short, network byte order */
   dest_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(DEST_IP);
   bzero(&(dest_addr.sin_zero), 8);       /* zero the rest of the struct */

   connect(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&dest_addr, sizeof(struct sockaddr));
   /* error checking code here */
  /* more code
.
.
.
*/
}

------
¶Ç, connect()´Â ¼º°øÇϸé 0À» ¸®ÅÏÇÏ°í ½ÇÆÐÇϸé -1À» ¸®ÅÏÇÏ°í errno¸¦ ¼³Á¤ÇÑ´Ù.
´ç½ÅÀº bind()ÇÔ¼ö°¡ ºüÁø°É ´«Ä¡Ã§Áö ¸ð¸¥´Ù. ¿ì¸®´Â ¿¬°áÇϱâ À§ÇØ ¾î¶² Æ÷Æ®¸¦
»ç¿ëÇÒÁö ¸ð¸£±â ¶§¹®¿¡, ÀÌ°Í°ú °°Àº °æ¿ì ¿ì¸®°¡ ¿¬°áÇÏ°íÀÚ ÇÏ´Â Æ÷Æ®¸¸À» »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù.
(¿ªÀÚ ÁÖ: Ŭ¶óÀ̾ðÆ®¿¡¼­ ¾î¶² Æ÷Æ®¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÒÁö Á¤È®È÷ Á¤ÇØÁöÁö ¾Ê¾Ò±â ¶§¹®¿¡ bind()¸¦
»°´Ù´Â ¸».)

=+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+=
È£ÃâÀ» »ç¿ëÇϱâ À§Çؼ­ ±â´Ù¸² : listen()


¸»ÇßµíÀÌ ¿ì¸®´Â ¾î¶² Æ÷Æ®ÀÇ ¼­¹ö ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À» ¸¸µé±â ¿øÇÑ´Ù. ¿ì¸®´Â ¿ì¸®°¡ ¾ËÁö ¸øÇÏ´Â
¾î¶² ¿¬°áÀÌ µé¾î¿À´Â °ÍÀ» À§ÇØ ´ë±âÇϱâ À§ÇÑ ¾î¶² ¹æ¹ýÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÏ´Ù.
±×°ÍÀÌ listen()ÇÔ¼öÀÌ¸ç ¾Æ·¡¿Í °°ÀÌ µ¿ÀÛÇÑ´Ù.(±×°ÍÀº Àß ¾ËÁöµµ ¸ð¸¥´Ù;))

------

#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>

int listen(int sockfd, int backlog);

------
sockfd´Â ¶Ç ¿ì¸®ÀÇ ¼ÒÄÏ ÆÄÀÏ ±â¼úÀÚÀÌ´Ù.
backlog´Â ¿ì¸®°¡ Çѹø¿¡ ¹ÞÀ»¼ö ÀÖ´Â ¿¬°áÀÇ ¼öÀÌ´Ù.


¶Ç, ÀÏ»óÀûÀ¸·Î , listen()Àº ½ÇÆÐÇϸé -1À» ¸®ÅÏÇÏ°í errno¸¦ ¼ÂÆÃÇÑ´Ù.
ÀÌÁ¦ ÀÌ·± °æ¿ì¿¡ ¿ì¸®´Â listen()À» È£ÃâÇϱâ Àü¿¡ bind()È£ÃâÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
(¿ì¸®´Â ±×µéÀÌ ÃßÃøÇÒ¼ö ÀÖ°Ô ¸¸µéÁö ¾Ê°í ¿¬°áÇϱâ À§ÇÑ »ç¶÷À» À§ÇØ Æ¯Á¤ÇÑ
Æ÷Æ®¸¦ ¿øÇÑ´Ù.)
¿ì¸®ÀÇ ÇÔ¼ö´Â ¾Æ·¡¿Í °°Àº ¼ø¼­¸¦ °¡Áø´Ù.
------

socket(); /* to create out socket file descriptor */
bind(); /* to give our socket a name */
listen(); /* listen for connection */

------

=+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+=
¿¬°áÀ» ¹Þ¾Æ µéÀ̱â À§ÇØ »ç¿ë : accept()


‰ç´Ù, ÀÌ°ÍÀº ¾îµð¿¡.. À½.. ¿ô±â°Ô ½ÃÀÛÇÏÀÚ. ¾î¶² »ç¶÷ÀÌ ´ç½ÅÀÌ ±â´Ù¸®°í ÀÖ´Â
Æ÷Æ®¿¡ ¿¬°áÇϱ⸦ ½ÃµµÇß´Ù¸é, ´ç½ÅÀº Áö±Ý ±× ¿¬°áÀ» ¹Þ¾ÆµéÀÏ ÇÊ¿ä°¡ ÀÖ°í
accept()´Â ±×°ÍÀ» ¼öÇàÇÒ°ÍÀÌ´Ù.(´©±ºÁö ¾Ë¾î? ;))

------

#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>

int accept(int sockfd, void *addr, int *addrlen);

------
¶Ç, sockfd´Â ¿ì¸®ÀÇ Ä£±ÙÇÑ ÆÄÀÏ ±â¼úÀÚÀÌ´Ù.
addrÀº Á¾Á¾ »ç¿ëµÈ struct sockaddr_inÀÇ ±¸Á¶Ã¼¸¦ °¡¸®Å°´Â Æ÷ÀÎÅÍÀÌ´Ù.
addrlenÀº ¼³Á¤ÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù : sizeof(struct sockaddr_in)
¿¡·¯°¡ ¹ß»ýÇÒ¶§ ¸®ÅϵǴ °ªÀ» ÃßÃøÇÒ¼ö Àְڴ°¡?... ´ç½ÅÀº ±×°ÍÀ» ¾Ë°ÍÀÌ´Ù....
-1À» ¸®ÅÏÇÏ°í errno¸¦ ¼³Á¤ÇÑ´Ù. E.G:
------

#include <string.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>

#define MYPORT 1500    /* the port users will be connecting to */
#define BACKLOG 5      /* how many pending connections queue will hold */

main()
{
int sockfd, new_fd;  /* listen on sock_fd, new connection on new_fd */
struct sockaddr_in my_addr;    /* my address information */
struct sockaddr_in their_addr; /* connector's address information */
int sin_size;

   sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0); /* do some error checking! */

   my_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;         /* host byte order */
   my_addr.sin_port = htons(MYPORT);     /* short, network byte order */
   my_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY; /* auto-fill with my IP */
   bzero(&(my_addr.sin_zero), 8);        /* zero the rest of the struct */

   /* did you remember your error checking? */
   bind(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&my_addr, sizeof(struct sockaddr));

   listen(sockfd, BACKLOG);

   sin_size = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
   new_fd = accept(sockfd, &their_addr, &sin_size);

------
¿ì¸®´Â ¸ðµç send()¿Í recv() È£ÃâÀ» À§ÇØ new_fd ¼ÒÄÏ ±â¼úÀÚ¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÒ °ÍÀ̶ó´Â °ÍÀ»
¾Ë¾Æ¶ó. ¸¸ÀÏ ´ç½ÅÀÌ ¿ÀÁ÷ ÇÑ ¿¬°á¸¸À» ¹Þ´Â´Ù¸é, ´ç½ÅÀÌ ¿øÇÑ´Ù¸é ´ç½ÅÀº °°Àº Æ÷Æ®¿¡
´õ ÀÌ»ó ¿¬°áµÇ´Â °ÍÀ» ¸·±âÀ§ÇØ ¿øº» sockfd¸¦ close()ÇÒ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.

=+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+=
¿ì¸®°¡ À̾߱â Çϱâ À§Çؼ­ ÇÊ¿äÇѰ͵é : send() and recv()


ÀÌÁ¦, ¿ì¸®´Â ¼ÒÄÏÀ» »ý¼ºÇÏ¿´°í, À̸§À» ÁÖ¾ú°í, ¿¬°áÀ» ¹Þ¾ÆµéÀ̱âÀ§ÇØ ±â´Ù·È°í,
send()¿Í recv()·Î½á ¼­·Î Á¤º¸¸¦ ±³È¯Çϱâ À§ÇÑ ¸¶Áö¸· ½Ã°£ÀÌ´Ù.
------

#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>

int send(int sockfd, const void *msg, int len, int flags);
int recv(int sockfd, void *buf, int len, unsigned int flags);

------
send():
sockfd - ¼ÒÄÏ ÆÄÀÏ ±â¼úÀÚ
msg - º¸³»±â À§ÇÑ ¸Þ¼¼Áö
len - º¸³»±â À§ÇÑ ¸Þ¼¼ÁöÀÇ Å©±â
flags - ´õ ¸¹Àº Á¤º¸¸¦ À§Çؼ­ 'man send'¸¦ ÀоîºÁ¶ó, ±×°ÍÀº Áö±ÝÀ» À§Çؼ­ 0À¸·Î ¼¼ÆÃÇÑ´Ù. :)


recv():
sockfd - ¼ÒÄÏ ÆÄÀÏ ±â¼úÀÚ
buf - ¹Þ±â À§ÇÑ µ¥ÀÌŸ
len - bufÀÇ Å©±â
flags - send()ÀÇ Ç÷¡±×¿Í °°´Ù.

send() example:
------

char *msg = "Hey there people";
int len, send_msg;

/* code to create(), bind(), listen() and accept() */

len = strlen(msg);
bytes_sent = send(sockfd, msg, len, 0);

------
recv() example:
------

char *buf;
int len, recv_msg;

/* code to create(), bind(), listen() and accept() */

len = strlen(buf);
recv_msg = recv(sockfd, buf, len, 0);

------
±×¸®°í ¶Ç, send()¿Í recv()´Â ¿¡·¯°¡ »ý±â¸é -1À» ¸®ÅÏÇÏ°í errno¸¦ ¼³Á¤ÇÑ´Ù.
¸¸ÀÏ ´ç½ÅÀÌ SOCK_DGRAM ÇüŸ¦ »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù¸é sending¿Í receiving µ¥ÀÌŸ¸¦ À§Çؼ­
sendto()¿Í recvfrom()ÇÔ¼ö¸¦ »ç¿ëÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.

=+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+=
´ç½Å°ú À̾߱âÇؼ­ Áñ°Å¿ü´Ù : close() ¿Í shutdown()


Çѹø ´ç½ÅÀº µ¥ÀÌÅÍ Àü¼ÛÀ» ¸¶ÃÆÀ¸¸é, ±×°ÍÀº °£´ÜÈ÷ ¼ÒÄÏÀ» ´ÝÀ½À¸·Î½á ¿¬°áÀ»
³¡³½´Ù.
------

#include <stdio.h>

/* all you code */

close(sockfd);

------
Á¤¸» °£´ÜÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀº°¡? ¸¸ÀÏ ´ç½ÅÀÌ ¿¬°á¿¡ ´ëÇؼ­ ´õ ¸¹Àº ÅëÁ¦¸¦ ¿øÇÑ´Ù¸é
shutdown()ÇÔ¼ö¸¦ »ç¿ëÇضó.
------

int shutdown(int sockfd, int how)

------

how¸¦ À§Çؼ­´Â ¼¼ °³ÀÇ ´Ù¸¥ °ªµéÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù.
   1 - no more revc()'s allowed
   2 - no more sends are allowed
   3 - no more send()'s or recv()'s allowed (same as close())
   1 - ´õÀÌ»ó recv()¸¦ Çã¶ôÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù.
   2 - ´õ ÀÌ»ó send¸¦ Çã¶ôÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù.
   3 - ´õÀÌ»ó send()¶Ç´Â revc()¸¦ Çã¶ôÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù(close()¿Í °°´Ù)


±×°ÍÀº ½±´Ù. ´ç½ÅÀº Áö±Ý ¼ÒÄÏÀ» »ý¼ºÇÏ°í, ±×°Í¿¡ À̸§À» ÁÖ°í, ¿¬°áÀ» À§Çؼ­
±â´Ù¸®¸ç, ¿¬°áÀ» ¹Þ¾ÆµéÀÎµÚ ´Ù¸¥ ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ¿Í ¿¬°áÇÏ°í ±×¸®°í ¼ÒÄÏÀ» ´Ý´Â´Ù.
¾î·ÆÁö ¾ÊÁö? ¾û?

=+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+=
³Ê´Â ´©±¸³Ä : getpeerbyname()

±×¸®°í ³ª¼­ ´ç½ÅÀº ´ç½Å¿¡°Ô ¿¬°áÇÑ ÀÚ°¡ ´©±¸ÀÎÁö ¾Ë±â¸¦ ¿øÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â°¡? ±Û½ê
´ç½ÅÀº Çà¿î¾Æ´Ù! ´ÜÁö ±× ¸ñÀûÀ» À§ÇÑ ÇÔ¼ö°¡ ¿©±â¿¡ ÀÖ´Ù.
------

#include <sys/socket.h>

int getpeername(int sockfd, struct sockaddr *addr, int *addrlen);

------

sockfd - ¿ì¸®ÀÇ Ä£±ÙÇÑ ¼ÒÄÏ ÆÄÀÏ ±â¼úÀÚÀÌ´Ù
addr - 'struct sockaddr' ¶Ç´Â 'struct sockaddr_in'À» °¡¸®Å°´Â Æ÷ÀÎÅÍÀÌ´Ù
addrlen - ¸¸µé¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù : sizeof(struct sockaddr)


ÀÌ·± ÀÌ·±, getpeerbyname()¶ÇÇÑ ¿¡·¯°¡ ¹ß»ýÇϸé -1À» ¸®ÅÏÇϳ×. ´©±¸³ª ÀÌ°ÍÀ» ÃßÃøÇÒ¼ö
ÀÖ°ÚÁö? ¸¸ÀÏ ÀÌ°ÍÀÌ Àß µ¿ÀÛÇÑ´Ù¸é, ´ç½ÅÀº Áö±Ý ´ç½Å¿¡°Ô ¿¬°áÇÑ »ç¶÷ÀÇ ÁÖ¼Ò¸¦
¾òÀ» ¼ö ÀÖ°í ±×¸®°í inet_ntoa() ¶Ç´Â gethostbyaddr()¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ¿© ´õ ¸¹Àº Á¤º¸¸¦
¾òÀ» ¼ö ÀÖ°í, ¿©±â¿¡ ´ëÇؼ­´õ ¸¹Àº °ÍÀ» ¾Ë°í ½ÍÀ¸¸é identdÀÌ µ¿ÀÛÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù¸é
±×µéÀÇ ·Î±ä ³×ÀÓÀ» ¾Ë¼ö ¾øÀ»°ÍÀÌ´Ù.
ÀÌ°Í¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ´õ ÀÚ¼¼ÇÑ Á¤º¸¸¦ ¾Ë°í½Í´Ù¸é RFC 1413À» ÀоîºÁ¶ó.


=+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+=
³ª´Â ´©±¸Àΰ¡ : gethostname()

‰ç´Ù, getpeerbyname()Àº ½¬¿ü´Ù, ÃæºÐÈ÷, gethostname()´Â ´õ ½±´Ù.
------

#include <unistd.h>

int gethostname(char *hostname, size_t size);

------
hostname - ¸®ÅÏµÉ È£½ºÆ® À̸§À» ÀúÀåÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â charÇüÅÂÀÇ ¹è¿­
size - ¹è¿­¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ¾ð±ÞµÈ ÀÌ»óÀÇ Å©±â

        
ÀÌ°ÍÀº ÄÄÇ»ÅÍÀÇ À̸§À» ¸®ÅÏÇÑ´Ù. ´ç½ÅÀÇ ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ÀÌ µ¹¾Æ°£´Ù¸é ´ç½ÅÀÇ IP address
¸¦ gethostbyname()À» »ç¿ëÇÔÀ¸·Î½á ¾Ë¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ ½ÇÆÐÇϸé -1À» ¸®ÅÏÇÑ´Ù.

=+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+=
³ÊÀÇ IP´Â ¹«¾ùÀ̳Ä?


ÃæºÐÈ÷, »ç¿ëÇÒ Á¤º¸¸¦ ¾òÀ¸·Î °¡ÀÚ. ¿ÀÄÉ? ¿ì¸®´Â Àüü ÇÁ·Î±×·¥, DNS program,
À» ¸¸µé±â À§Çؼ­ óÀ½ÇÒ °ÍÀ» ¸¸µéÀÚ. DNS ¶Ç´Â "Domain Name Service"´Â
±×°ÍÀÇ "human-readbale"ÁÖ¼Ò¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÔÀ¸·Î½á ±â°èÀÇ IP ÁÖ¼Ò¸¦ ¾òÀ» ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ¹æ¹ýÀÌ´Ù.

$ telnet microsoft.com
  Trying 206.163.24.176 (not the real address but I'm too lazy to try :))


ÃæºÐÈ÷ ¹«¾ùÀΰ¡¸¦ ÃßÃøÇÑ´Ù, ¸ÕÀú ÅÚ³Ý ÇÁ·Î±×·¥Àº microsoft.comÀÇ DNS¸¦ üũÇÏ°í
±×°ÍÀÇ IP¸¦ ¾ò¾î¿Â´Ù. ÀÌÁ¦, ÀÌ°ÍÀº netdb.h¿¡¼­ ãÀ» ¼ö ÀÖ´Â gethostbyname()ÇÔ¼ö¸¦
»ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù.
------

#include <netdb.h>
    
struct hostent *gethostbyname(const char *name);

------
ÀÌ°ÍÀ» º½À¸·Î½á ´ç½ÅÀº 'struct hostend'¸¦ È£ÃâÇÏ´Â ±¸Á¶Ã¼¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» º¼¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
------

struct hostent {
        char    *h_name;
        char    **h_aliases;
        int     h_addrtype;
        int     h_length;
        char    **h_addr_list;
    };
#define h_addr h_addr_list[0]

------

ÀÌ ±¸Á¶Ã¼´Â ¾Æ·¡¿Í °°Àº Á¶°¢µé·Î µÇ¾îÀÖ´Ù.

h_name - È£½ºÆ®ÀÇ °ø½ÄÀûÀÎ À̸§
h_aliases - È£½ºÆ®¸¦ À§ÇÑ ³Î·Î ³¡³ª´Â ±³´ëÀÇ À̸§ÀÇ ¹è¿­.
h_addrtype - ¸®ÅϵǴ ¾îµå·¹½º ŸÀÔ; ÁÖ·Î AF_INET.
h_length - bytes·Î µÈ ÁÖ¼ÒÀÇ ±æÀÌ
h_addr_list - È£½ºÆ®¸¦ À§ÇÑ 0À¸·Î ³¡³ª´Â ³×Æ®¿öÅ© ÁÖ¼ÒÀÇ ¹è¿­.
              È£½ºÆ® ÁÖ¼Ò´Â Network Byte OrderÀÌ´Ù.
h_addr - h_addr_list¿¡ Àִ ù¹ø° ÁÖ¼Ò


gethostbyname()Àº struct hostent¸¦ ä¿ì±â À§ÇÑ Æ÷ÀÎÅ͸¦ ¸®ÅÏÇÑ´Ù, ±×·¸Áö ¾Ê°í
¿¡·¯°¡ ¹ß»ýÇϸé NULLÀ» ¸®ÅÏÇÑ´Ù.(±×·¯³ª errno´Â ¼³Á¤µÇÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù-h_errno°¡ ´ë½Å
¼³Á¤µÈ´Ù. ´õ ¸¹Àº µµ¿òÀ» ¾ò±â À§Çؼ± 'man herrno'¸¦ ºÁ¶ó) ÀÌÁ¦ ¿ì¸®ÀÇ DNSÇÁ·Î±×·¥À»
¸¸µé¾î º¸ÀÚ.

------

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
   struct hostent *h;

   if (argc != 2) {  /* error checking on the command line */
      fprintf(stderr,"Usage: getip <host name>\n");
      exit(1);
   }

   if ((h=gethostbyname(argv[1])) == NULL) {  /* get the host info */
      herror("gethostbyname");
      exit(1);
   }

   printf("Host name  : %s\n", h->h_name);
   printf("IP Address : %s\n",inet_ntoa(*((struct in_addr *)h->h_addr)));

   return 0;
}

------

±×¸®°í ÀÌÁ¦ º¸ÀÚ, ÀÛ°í ½±Áö ¾ÊÀº°¡, ´ÜÁö ¿ì¸®´Â ÀÌ·¸°Ô ¸¸µé°í, ±×°ÍÀ» ´ÙÀ½°ú °°ÀÌ
ÄÄÆÄÀÏ ½ÃÅ°¸é µÈ´Ù
:gcc -o getip getip.c(¿ì¸®´Â Àú°ÍÀ» getip.c·Î ÀúÀåÇß´Ù°í °¡Á¤ÇÑ´Ù :))

=+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+=

Ŭ¸®¾î¾ðÆ® ¿Í ¼­¹ö ÇÁ·Î±×·¥

¿ÀÄÉ, ¸¶Áö¸·À¸·Î Àڱ׸¶ÇÑ , ±×¸®°í ´Ù¼Ò ¹«ÀǹÌÇÑ, Ŭ¸®À̾ðÆ®-¼­¹ö ¾îÇø®ÄÉÀ̼ǿ¡
´ëÇؼ­ Åä·ÐÇغ¸ÀÚ. ¿ÀÁ÷ ÀÌ°Í¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¸ñÀûÀº ¼­¹ö¿¡ ¿¬°áÇÏ°í, ÀÌ¹Ì ÁöÁ¤µÈ ½ºÆ®¸µÀ»
¹Þ°í, ±×¸®°í ¿¬°áÀ» ²ö±â À§ÇÑ »ç¿ëÀÚ¸¦ À§Çؼ­ ÀÌ´Ù.
±×·¯³ª ±×°ÍÀº ¾î¶² Á¡À» ¾òÀ» ¼ö ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, ³ª´Â ´ç½ÅÀÌ ÀÌ°ÍÀ¸·Î ºÎÅÍ ´õ À¯¿ëÇÑ °ÍÀ»
¸¸µé ¼ö ÀÖÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ..¿À, ´ç½ÅÀº ±×°Í¿¡ ¿¡·¯Ã¼Å·À» ÇÒ¼öµµ ÀÖ´Ù.:)
------

<++> socket/server.c
/* SERVER PROGRAM */
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <sys/wait.h>

#define PORT 1500      /* the port users will be connecting to */

#define BACKLOG 5      /* how many pending connections queue will hold */

main()
{
int sockfd, new_fd;  /* listen on sock_fd, new connection on new_fd */
struct sockaddr_in my_addr;    /* our address information */
struct sockaddr_in their_addr; /* their address information */
int sin_size;

   sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
   /* remember to error check (-1 on error) */

   my_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;         /* host byte order */
   my_addr.sin_port = htons(PORT);     /* short, network byte order */
   my_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY; /* auto-fill with my IP */
   bzero(&(my_addr.sin_zero), 8);        /* zero the rest of the struct */

   bind(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&my_addr, sizeof(struct sockaddr));

   listen(sockfd, BACKLOG)
  

   while(1) {  /* start out accept() loop */
      sin_size = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
      new_fd = accept(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&their_addr, &sin_size)
      printf("server: got connection from  
      fork(); /* this is the child process */
         send(new_fd, "Hello, world!\n", 14, 0)
         close(new_fd);
         exit(0);

         while(waitpid(-1,NULL,WNOHANG) > 0); /* clean up child processes */
   }
}

/* END SERVER PROGRAM, REMEMBER TO DO YOUR ERROR CHECKING */
<--><++> socket/client.c
/* CLIENT PROGRAM */

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>

#define PORT 1500    /* the port client will be connecting to */

#define MAXDATASIZE 100 /* max number of bytes we can get at once */

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
int sockfd, numbytes;  
char buf[MAXDATASIZE];
struct hostent *he;
struct sockaddr_in their_addr; /* connector's address information */

   if (argc != 2) {
      fprintf(stderr,"Usage: client <host name>\n");
      exit(1);
   }

   he = gethostbyname(argv[1]);  /* get the host info */
   /* did you check for errors? */

   sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);

   their_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;      /* host byte order */
   their_addr.sin_port = htons(PORT);    /* short, network byte order */
   their_addr.sin_addr = *((struct in_addr *)he->h_addr);
   bzero(&(their_addr.sin_zero), 8);     /* zero the rest of the struct */

   connect(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&their_addr, sizeof(struct sockaddr));

   numbytes = recv(sockfd, buf, MAXDATASIZE, 0);

   buf[numbytes] = '\0';

   printf("Received:  

   close(sockfd);

   return 0;
}

/* END CLIENT...YOU CHECKED FOR ERRORS RIGHT? :) */
<-->

=+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+=

ÃæºÐÈ÷, ³ª´Â ±×°ÍÀÌ Áö±Ý ´õ ¸¹ÀÌ ³ª¾ÆÁ³À¸¸®¶ó »ý°¢ÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ°ÍÀº ¼ÒÄÏ ÇÁ·Î±×·¡¹ÖÀ»
À§ÇÑ ¿Ïº®ÇÑ °¡À̵å¶ó°í »ý°¢ÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù, ½ÇÁ¦ÀûÀ¸·Î, ±×°ÍÀº ½ÃÀÛÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î ºÎÅÍ
¸Å¿ì ¸Ö¾îÁ®ÀÖ°í °íÀÇ·Î ¾î´ø ¹®Á¦µµ ¾øÁö ¾Ê´Ù. ÀÌ ÁÖÁ¦¿¡ ´ëÇؼ­ ´õ ¸¹ÀÌ ¾Ë°í½ÍÀº
»ç¶÷µéÀ» À§ÇØ ¾Æ·¡ ¸Ç ÆäÀÌÁö¸¦ º¼ °ÍÀ» Á¦¾ÈÇÑ´Ù.

socket, bind, connect, perror, herror, listen, accept, send, recv,  close,
shutdown, getpeername, getsockname, gethostbyname, gethostbyaddr and
getprotobyname.


´ç½ÅÀº ¶ÇÇÑ ¾Æ·¡¿Í °°Àº ÁÁÀº Ã¥µéÀ» ÀÐ¾î ºÁµµ ÁÁ´Ù.

------

Internetworking with TCP/IP, volumes I-III by Douglas E. Comer and David
L. Stevens. Published by Prentice Hall. Second edition ISBNs: 0-13-468505-9,  
0-13-472242-6, 0-13-474222-2. There is a third edition of this set which
covers IPv6 and IP over ATM.  

Using C on the UNIX System by David A. Curry. Published by O'Reilly &
Associates, Inc. ISBN 0-937175-23-4.

TCP/IP Network Administration by Craig Hunt. Published by O'Reilly &
Associates, Inc. ISBN 0-937175-82-X.

TCP/IP Illustrated, volumes 1-3 by W. Richard Stevens and Gary R. Wright.
Published by Addison Wesley. ISBNs: 0-201-63346-9, 0-201-63354-X,
0-201-63495-3.

UNIX Network Programming by W. Richard Stevens/ Published by Prentice
Hall. ISBN 0-13-949876-1.

-------
ÀÌ°Í¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¿Ïº®ÇÑ ½ÇÁ¤À» ¾Ë°í ½ÍÀº°¡? ¾Æ·¡ÀÇ RFCµéÀ» ºÁ¶ó:
------

RFC-768 -- The User Datagram Protocol (UDP)
(ftp://nic.ddn.mil/rfc/rfc768.txt)

RFC-791 -- The Internet Protocol (IP)
(ftp://nic.ddn.mil/rfc/rfc791.txt)

RFC-793 -- The Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)
(ftp://nic.ddn.mil/rfc/rfc793.txt)

RFC-854 -- The Telnet Protocol
(ftp://nic.ddn.mil/rfc/rfc854.txt)

RFC-951 -- The Bootstrap Protocol (BOOTP)
(ftp://nic.ddn.mil/rfc/rfc951.txt)

RFC-1350 -- The Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP)
(ftp://nic.ddn.mil/rfc/rfc1350.txt)

------

ÃæºÐÈ÷, ³ª´Â ÀÌ°ÍÀÌ ÀλçÇϱâ À§ÇÑ ½Ã°£°ú ¼ÒÄÏ ÇÁ·Î±×·¡¹Ö¾ÈÀ¸·Î ÇູÇÑ ¿©ÇàÀ»
ÇÒ °ÍÀ̶ó ÃßÃøÇÑ´Ù. ³»°¡ ¸»Çϱâ Àü¿¡, ÀÌ°ÍÀº ¿Ïº®ÇÑ ¸Å´º¾óÀº *¾Æ´Ï´Ù*
±×°ÍÀº ¿ÀÁ÷ ÀÛÀº ÀÔ¹®¼­ ÀÏ»ÓÀÌ´Ù. ¾Æ¸¶µµ ¿©±â¿¡ ³»°¡ ½Ç¼öÇÑ ¸¹Àº ¿¡·¯µµ ÀÖÀ»
°ÍÀÌ´Ù. ¿À ÃæºÐÈ÷, ±×°ÍÀº Àλý°ú °°´Ù, ³ª´Â °áÄÚ ¾î¶² ´ë°¡¸¦ ¹Ù¶óÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù.
¾Æ¸¶µµ °ð ³ª´Â SOCK_DGRAM ŸÀÔÀÇ ¹®¼­¸¦ ¸¸µé °ÍÀÌ°í, ´Ù¸¥ ±âÀÌÇÑ ¼ÒÄÏ°ú °°´Ù.
"±×°ÍÀ» ÇÔ²², Áñ°Ü¶ó.

~xphantom


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03/01 15851
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10/21 15890
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07/07 16202
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02/08 16212
90   [Æß] PCÅ°ÆÛ ±ú±â[4]     dzhfldk
08/22 16406
89   [Æß] °øÀ¯ ¸Þ¸ð¸® ¸ÖƼ ÇÁ·Î¼¼¼­(Shared Memory Multiprocessor, SMP)     qpt0707
03/05 16520
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09/16 16540
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10/30 16564
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07/07 16591
84   Xp Best Tip 30°¡Áö!!(±×´ë´Â ¾Ë°íÀִ°¡???)[23]     chagang531
09/13 16611
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12/14 16689
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05/09 16839
81   [Á¤¸®] ÇØÄ¿½ºÄð F.T.Z trainer Á¤¸® 1 ~ 5[11]     ÃÊÄÝ·¿³ªÀÎ
03/01 16869
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01/15 17137
77   ÃÊÂ¥¸¦ À§ÇÑ ÆÄÀ̽ã[2]     asdzxc301
12/18 17206
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